Реферат: The face of every city is different. Washington D.C.
<span Dauphin",«serif»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">Theface of every city is different. <st1:place w:st=«on»><st1:City w:st=«on»>Washington</st1:City> <st1:State w:st=«on»>D.C.</st1:State></st1:place>
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The <st1:country-region w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>United States of America</st1:place></st1:country-region> is the fourth largestcountry in the world, after <st1:country-region w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>Russia</st1:place></st1:country-region>,<st1:country-region w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>Canada</st1:place></st1:country-region>and <st1:country-region w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>China</st1:place></st1:country-region>.It occupies the southern part of <st1:place w:st=«on»>North America</st1:place>,and includes <st1:State w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>Alaska</st1:place></st1:State>.
The <st1:country-region w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>USA</st1:place></st1:country-region> is made upof 50 states, and the <st1:State w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>District of Columbia</st1:place></st1:State>, a special federal area where the capitol ofthe country is situated.
If welook at the map of the <st1:country-region w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>USA</st1:place></st1:country-region>,we can see lowlands and mountains. The highest mountains are the <st1:place w:st=«on»>Rocky Mountains</st1:place> and the <st1:place w:st=«on»>Sierra Nevada</st1:place>. The highest peak is <st1:place w:st=«on»><st1:PlaceType w:st=«on»>Mount</st1:PlaceType> <st1:PlaceName w:st=«on»>McKinley</st1:PlaceName></st1:place>which is located in <st1:State w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>Alaska</st1:place></st1:State>.The <st1:country-region w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>United States</st1:place></st1:country-region>is a land of rivers and lakes. The largest and deepest lakes in the <st1:country-region w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>USA</st1:place></st1:country-region> are thefive <st1:place w:st=«on»>GreatLakes</st1:place>on the border with <st1:country-region w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>Canada</st1:place></st1:country-region>. <st1:country-region w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>America</st1:place></st1:country-region>’slargest rivers are the <st1:State w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>Mississippi</st1:place></st1:State>,the <st1:State w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>Missouri</st1:place></st1:State>,the <st1:City w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>Rio Grande</st1:place></st1:City>and the <st1:City w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>Columbia</st1:place></st1:City>.The <st1:State w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>Mississippi</st1:place></st1:State>is the word’s third longest river after the <st1:place w:st=«on»>Nile</st1:place>and the Amazon. The climate of the country varies greatly. The climate of <st1:State w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>Alaska</st1:place></st1:State> is arctic. Theclimate of the central part is continental. The south has subtropical climate.
Thehistory of the country is rather long. Christopher Columbus sailed from <st1:country-region w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>Spain</st1:place></st1:country-region> acrossthe <st1:place w:st=«on»>Atlantic Ocean</st1:place>. Instead of reaching Indiaas he had expected he landed on an island off a continent unknown to Europeans,but he thought that he was in India.
Inthe southern states white farmers used black slaves to work on their hugeplantations. When slavery was stopped in the North the southern states left the<st1:place w:st=«on»>Union</st1:place> and formed the Confederacy. Civil warbetween the North and the South started. The <st1:place w:st=«on»>Union</st1:place>won and the slavery was abolished all over the <st1:country-region w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>USA</st1:place></st1:country-region>.
Nowadays,the <st1:country-region w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>USA</st1:place></st1:country-region>is highly developed industrial country.
Thereare many important cities in the USA, for example New York, one of the largestcities in the world, a great seaport and financial center, Chicago near theGreat Lakes, one of the biggest industrial cities in the USA, and the secondlargest after New York. <st1:City w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>Boston</st1:place></st1:City>is one of the first cities which were built on the Atlantic coast of <st1:country-region w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>America</st1:place></st1:country-region>. Now itis a big cultural centre with three universities. <st1:City w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>Los Angeles</st1:place></st1:City> is a centre of modern industriesand show business. Other big and important cities of the <st1:country-region w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>USA</st1:place></st1:country-region> are <st1:City w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>Philadelphia</st1:place></st1:City>, <st1:City w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>Dallas</st1:place></st1:City>, <st1:City w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>San Francisco</st1:place></st1:City>, <st1:place w:st=«on»><st1:City w:st=«on»>Detroit</st1:City>, <st1:State w:st=«on»>Washington</st1:State></st1:place>and so on.
<st1:place w:st=«on»><st1:City w:st=«on»>Washington</st1:City><st1:State w:st=«on»>D.C.</st1:State></st1:place>is the capitol of US. It issituated in the <st1:State w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>District of Columbia</st1:place></st1:State>and is like no other city in <st1:country-region w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>America</st1:place></st1:country-region>.it’s the world’s largest one-industry city. And that industry is government.The White House, where the <st1:country-region w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>US</st1:place></st1:country-region>president lives and works, the Capitol, the home of the <st1:country-region w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>US</st1:place></st1:country-region> congress,and the Supreme Court, are all in <st1:State w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>Washington</st1:place></st1:State>.The city was so named in memory ofGeorge Washington, the first president of the <st1:country-region w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>USA</st1:place></st1:country-region>, known for the activeparticipation in the war with <st1:country-region w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>Britain</st1:place></st1:country-region>.A special district was created for the city – the <st1:State w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>District of Columbia</st1:place></st1:State>. The city was laid outaccording to be a capitol. <st1:State w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>Washington</st1:place></st1:State>is one of the most magnificent and unusual cities in the <st1:country-region w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>USA</st1:place></st1:country-region>. In thecentre of it rises the huge dome of the Capitol– a big white dome standing in a circle of pillars. It’s rather easy to getlost in this huge building, full of paintings and statues.
Notfar from the Capitol is the library ofCongress, the largest in US. It contains more than 13 million books, morethan 19 million manuscripts, including the personal papers of the Americanpresidents.
Theofficial residence of the <st1:country-region w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>USA</st1:place></st1:country-region>president is White House. It has 132 rooms, among them the Oval Office wherethe president works. The White House used to be a president residence since itfirst occupied by President John Adams in 1800.
Onecan hardly find a park, a square or an open area in <st1:State w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>Washington</st1:place></st1:State> without a monument or a memorial,the Jefferson Memorial was built inhonor of Thomas Jefferson, the author of the Declaration of Independence andthe third president of the <st1:country-region w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>USA</st1:place></st1:country-region>.Inside his statue, and his writings are inscribed on the walls. The Lincoln Memorial reminds everybody ofAbraham Lincoln, the sixteenth American president who’s noted for the slaverydestruction. There’s a statue of Abraham Lincoln inside the memorial. At the National Air and Space Museum visitors can see the history of flight fromthe first airplane to the Apollo spaceship. The National Gallery of Art, a large museum of painting, sculpture andother arts is also situated in the capitol.
Fromthe beginning of the twentieth century the <st1:country-region w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>USA</st1:place></st1:country-region> became the world’s leadingcountry. Thousands of tourists visit <st1:State w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>Washington</st1:place></st1:State>every day. People from all parts of the <st1:country-region w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>US</st1:place></st1:country-region> come to see their capitol, andalso people all over the world. <st1:State w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>Washington</st1:place></st1:State>greets tourists with the Cherry Blossom festival every spring. The pink andwhite blossoms of the Japanese cherry these near the <st1:place w:st=«on»><st1:PlaceName w:st=«on»>Washington</st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceType w:st=«on»>Monument</st1:PlaceType></st1:place>create a magnificent delicate picture, and you are to visit <st1:State w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>Washington</st1:place></st1:State> just to see it, and then allbeauties of other cities will seem to you gloomy.
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